Budget Deficit - 1183 Words

Budget Deficit For many decades, there has been a concern for the deficit within the United States. Many politicians, authors, newscasters, and citizens have expressed their distress in order to resolve or control the issue. Keynesian economic theory states that running a budget deficit is okay, as long as the deficit is not exorbitantly large and is not carried for a long period of time. Even though many experts agree with this notion, having a deficit at all is important to the present and future economic stability of a country. For the most part, the uncontrolled increases in spending and reckless tax cuts in the past have damaged the federal budget, which the White House and Congress have allowed to occur. President Bush has†¦show more content†¦However, after the economy has recovered, the deficit becomes a problem. In the event that the current deficit is not handled properly, the country will begin to see the weakening of the production of goods and services, in turn forcing w ages to decrease. Interest rates will rise, which will make it harder for households and businesses to acquire loans. These factors will increase the strain on the American public and unfortunately lower the ability of the government to intervene, due to the already high deficit. In addition, interest obligations of the federal government are slated to grow from $155 billion in 2004 to $514 billion in 2014, or by $359 billion. These extra costs are the result of both rising interest rates and increased borrowing by the federal government. In order to sustain the economic power and prosperity that the United States has created, major change must be implemented by government leaders, not by career politicians. When a budget is in deficit there are only two ways, other than faster growth in the economy, to bring it into balance. Spending must be cut or revenue increased. Obviously, cutting spending to many of the current governmental programs is difficult because they have already been implemented and deemed necessary. Increasing taxes is also a difficult issue for politicians to handle and for the public to accept. There needs to be a healthy mix of these two options that keeps the economy powerful, whileShow MoreRelatedThe Federal Budget Deficit662 Words   |  3 Pages The federal budget deficit it is an excess government spending on state revenues. And public debt is an aggregate amount of government debt, which is composed of outstanding loans and unpaid interest thereon. U.S. federal expenditures is approximately around 3.5-4 trillion dollars, which includes: defense – $700b, social security – $700b, Medicare and Medicaid – $450b, Interest – $200b, other assistance such as food stamps, unemployment, housing, EITC - $180b, and other non-defense - $600bRead MoreFederal Budget Deficit1343 Words   |  6 PagesExcessive Borrowing: Our Federal Government s Budget Deficit Maria comes home one day earlier than usual. Her family, two daughters of age five and eight and a stay-at-home husband, is surprised to see her so early and unexpectedly. The tired look on her face reveals the experience she had at work. She brings out a sluggish smile as her daughters rush up to greet her with their warm embraces, reminding her of the happiness they constantly provide but also saddened by their questionable futureRead More budget deficit Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesmess.quot; Famous last words heard from the mouths of many different politicians when talking about the national debt and the budget deficit. Our debt is currently $4.41 trillion and we have a budget deficit of around $300 billion and growing. Our government now estimates that by the year 2002 the debt will be $6.507 Trillion. While our politicians talk of balancing the budget, not one of them has proposed a feasible plan to start paying down the debt. In the early days of our government debt was c onsideredRead MoreThe Budget Deficit For Fiscal Year1019 Words   |  5 Pagespayments on all the money borrowed from other countries. Budget deficits, budget surplus, national debt, deficit spending all have pros and cons. The federal government collects fees, taxes and certain revenues every year while spending in other fields. Deficits happen when total expenditures in a fiscal year outweigh the total revenues, when this happens; the government borrows money from foreign countries to pay the difference. The budget deficit for fiscal year (Oct 1 2015- Sept 30, 2016) is projectedRead MoreBudget Deficits and the Economic Growth1943 Words   |  8 PagesBudget Deficits and Economic Growth Joey Willoughby ECO 203 Principles of Macroeconomics Instructor: Nathan Rondeau 6/27/2011 Budget Deficits and Economic Growth Economists generally agree that high budget deficits today will result in the reduction of the growth rate of the economy in the future. The United States budgetary situation has disintegrated significantly since 2001, when the CBO ( Congressional Budget OfficeRead MoreFederal Budget Deficit And The National Debt1524 Words   |  7 Pages These two graphs are dealing with the federal budget deficit and the national debt and just how diverse they are from the time differences with both begging approximately in the 2001’s and making their way to 2013. Different types of numbers, but the relationship between the Federal budget deficit and the national debt is by how the Deficit deals with taking the difference of what the U.S. government gets in from taxes or other revenues calling these receipts, but on top of that the amount of moneyRead MoreThe Federal Budget Deficit And The National Debt747 Words   |  3 PagesAlvarado ECON 2301.SY2 The Federal Budget Deficit and the National Debt The United States national debt is large. The U.S. Debt-to-GDP ratio has grown to over 60 percent in recent years. We are more than $15 trillion in debt. In this paper I will address the federal budget, the United States debt, and the resulting impacts on society in several sectors. In our textbook, â€Å"Principles of Macroeconomics,† the relationship between debt and deficit is described. A deficit is a shortfall in revenue for aRead MoreBudget Deficit And Its Effect On The National Debt1403 Words   |  6 Pagesthe past 60 years has Britain s budget been in surplus, most recently in 2001-2002. A budget surplus occurs when tax revenue is greater than government spending and interest payments. Therefore, the government can use the surplus revenue to pay off the national debt. The budget deficit is the annual amount the government has to borrow to meet the shortfall between current receipts (tax) and government spending, for example by the end of 2009-10 our annual deficit was  £170.8 billion. The argumentRead MoreBudget Deficit Is The Amount Of Federal Money2047 Words   |  9 Pages1) Budget Deficit Def: It is the amount of federal money spent each year that is more than the federal income, so that the federal expenditure is greater than the federal revenue. CE: In 2016, the Congressional Budget Office faintly decreased the estimation of the government’s budget deficit by $10 billion from the original $534 billion for the fiscal year of 2016. 2) Expenditures Def: It is the amount of federal money or revenue that is spent, especially on social programs like social securityRead MoreNational Debt and Budget Deficit Essay652 Words   |  3 Pagesimportantly budget deficits and the national debt. Given all of the talk, one may come to think that budget deficits and the national debt are one in the same. While the two do go hand-in-hand, it is important to understand that they are two separate things. InvestorWords.com defines a budget deficit as the amount by which a government, company, or individuals spending exceeds its income over a particular period of time. To remain within the limits of one’s income would create a budget surplus;

Goals in Conflict Essay - 1285 Words

Wilmot and Hocker have stated in the Seventh Edition of Interpersonal Conflict that â€Å"[c]onflict is more than a disagreement; it is when people believe that another interferes with their interests and goals† (p. 62). When considering conflict, interests and goals are considered the same thing. There are four general types of interests and goals which are topic or content, relational, identity (or facework), and process; these together are easily remembered by using the acronym TRIP(Wilmot, 2007. p.63). To better describe and explain these types of goals, the following personal conflict will be used. The Crossen Family consists of five members, the mother (myself), the husband (William), and the three female children (Brittney, Kerra, and†¦show more content†¦p.65). In conflicts relational goals need to be realized and managed because they are the center of all conflicts (Wilmot, 2007. p.67) but they are not easily recognized internally or externally, and they are interpreted differently by each party (Wilmot, 2007. p.67). In the reviewed conflict, the parents feel that the children are becoming more independent, and do not care what the parents think or need. The children believe that the parents do not consider the things that are important to the children to be important. Basically, each seems to seek the respect from the other units. The way that each will react throughout the conflict will express how that person believes the other is thinking about them. They will react to an image that they have created of the other person that probably is not accurate (Wilm ot, 2007. p.69). Because relationship goals are not easily determined, these goals will escalate. Identity or face-saving goals consider who a person is in the interaction. The focus includes how identity of self is protected or repaired throughout the conflict. Although this goal continues throughout the conflict, it will be more prominent at certain times of conflicts (Wilmot, 2007. p.69). Maintaining self-identity and face-saving can be very open and obvious. In the described conflict I toldShow MoreRelatedConflict Resolution Strategies Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesConflict Resolution Strategies Conflict has long been viewed as negative, and is usually associated with things as trivial as an argument to something as extreme as war, and is seldom seen as beneficial. In the team environment however, conflict can be very beneficial if recognized early and managed properly and can enhance team performance as well as relationships between team members. Conflict is inevitable as humans interact, because not everyone shares the same beliefs, values, opinions, levelRead MoreBusiness Plan979 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER15 CONFLICT AND NEGOTIATION IN ORGANIZATION Conflict- is a process resulting in the perceptions of two parties that they are working in opposition to each other in ways that result in feelings of discomfort and animosity. COMMON FORMS OF CONFLICT Task Conflict – refers to conflict regarding the goals and content of the work. Process Conflict – occurs when the parties agree on the goals and content of work but disagree on how to achieve the goals and actually do the work. RelationshipRead MoreManaging Conflict And Organizational Change924 Words   |  4 PagesManaging conflict and the importance of a vision/mission in an organization are two important topics in our course of Leadership and Organizational Change. In this paper we tried to analyze the connection between these two important aspects of leadership. Our analysis and our interviews of leaders have supported and amplified what we have learnt in class. As we have seen during this course, working in a team can often lead to conflicts. In particular there are three types of conflicts that we describedRead MoreCommon Forms And Causes Of Conflict1473 Words   |  6 PagesConflict is part of life and very common occurrence in the organization due to different point of view among individual. Common forms and causes of conflict are task, process, relationship, legal and interpersonal conflicts. â€Å"People’s reactions to conflict dramatically affect how a situation is addressed and resolved. Tone, attitude, disposition, the nature of the relationship, and even communication styles will impact the outcome of a confrontation.† (Atchison, 2013, para. 1). People’s commonRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict1461 Words   |  6 PagesConflict is generally considered a typical part of human interactions and is not in itself essentially damaging. Rather, it is how conflict is managed that determines whether or not the outcomes are going to be constructive or damaging (Deutsch, 2006). Thus, conflict management, the method of managing a dispute and associated conflicts, is very important in producing satisfactory or disappointing outcomes. It is therefore vitally important to know your conflict management style, along with itsRead MoreConflict Is Human Nature?1724 Words   |  7 PagesConflict is human nature; it practically unavoidable. Whether it is at home or in the professional world, we as individuals must communicate or interact on a daily basis by some shape or form with other individuals in order to get anything accomplished. One employee alone does not or could not make an organization successful. In reality, these constant interactions are more than likely going to lead to some type of conflict at one point or another in our lives. Griffin and Moorhead define conflictRead MoreTRIP Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pages TRIP Essay Conflict Resolution Who Do We Hire? Participants: John, Jim (the Director), Laura, Karl, Keith and Celeste Setting: Mental health center Situation: An opening for a full-time therapist has been created by one of the staff therapists quitting. Questions 1. Name at least one topic (T) issue, one relational (R) issue, one identity (I) issue, and one process (P) issue of this conflict. T Issue = The most obvious topic issue during this conflict is the need to fill the positionRead MoreHandling Conflicts1020 Words   |  5 PagesConflict Handling Styles Josephus J. Ellie (2012) Generally speaking, conflicts are relevant to any human existence. What is worthy of note is how these conflicts, when they occur, are managed or handled, because they would mean so much for the success or failure of the organization. For example, if an organization is to achieve its objective, it must be willing and able to handle conflicts in a functional manner. Organizational conflicts are the discords that arise when the goals, interestRead MoreDiversity and Avoiding Conflict in Project Team1415 Words   |  6 PagesDiversity and Avoiding Conflict PM/582 Executive Summary Understanding the organizations diversity, and successfully identify and handle conflict within a team environment is necessary to the success of all projects. The project leader must have the appropriate skill set to successfully understand how to lead diverse teams and identify, lead conflict in a positive manner and communicate appropriately to our customers. We want to ensure that our customers are receiving whatRead MoreConflict Is A Multidimensional Concept With Both Detrimental And Beneficial Effects964 Words   |  4 PagesConflict Conflict can be explained as a multidimensional concept with both detrimental and beneficial effects. Most explanation settles on conflict as a process involving two or more individuals, where a person perceives the opposition of the other. The nursing occupation is one that is centered on collaborative relations with both coworkers and patients. The situation requires individuals to work closely with others with varying backgrounds or cultures. Individuals can embrace diverse values, hypothetically

Mahatma Gandhi Research Paper Free Essays

Aroused by the massacre of Amritsar in 1919, Gandhi devoted his life to gaining India’s independence from Great Britain. As the dominant figure used his persuasive philosophy of non-violent confrontation, he inspired political activists with many persuasions throughout the world (Andrews 23). Not only was Mahatma Gandhi a great peacemaker, but also his work to achieve freedom and equality for all people was greatly acknowledged. We will write a custom essay sample on Mahatma Gandhi Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gandhi’s unconventional style of leadership gained him the love of a country and eventually enabled him to lead the independence movement in India. Mohandas Gandhi, later called Mahatma Gandhi, was born on October 2,1869 in Porbandar, which is the present day state of Gujarat, India (Andrews 17). He grew up in a very controlled family that had an alliance with the family ruling Kathiawad. He was engaged to two other women who both died, then he eventually married Kasturba at the age of 13. Gandhi sailed to England to attend University College in London to study law (Kamat’s Potpourri). In 1891, he was able to practice in the British bar. Gandhi went back to India and tried to authorize a law practice in Bombay, with very little achievement. Two years later, an Indian firm with curiosity in South Africa had an office in Durban where Gandhi was commissioned as legal advisor. This is where he lived for twenty years once he began his job doing labor on the sugar estates in South Africa (Moreorless). As soon as he arrived in Durban, he found himself being treated as if he was not human. The Africans forbade fundamental individual rights and political rights from the Indian immigrants. This conduct resulted in Gandhi’s outburst in fury towards the African’s reactions to Indian immigrants to South Africa. He then began a civil right’s campaign, which resulted in the development of his passive resistance policy, which eventually inspired thousands. The Union of South Africa government adjusted Gandhi’s demands, which included recognition of Indian marriages and abolition of the poll tax (Kamat’s Potpourri). When this man saw how terrible people were being treated because of diversity he said, â€Å"†There is nothing that wastes the body like worry, and one who has any faith in God should be ashamed to worry about anything whatsoever,† (Gold 231). By saying that, he meant that no one should worry about where hey stand in society or how they are judged because in God’s eyes everyone is perfect and everyone is equal therefore, no one who has any faith in God should be worrying about their so called â€Å"imperfections. † This great man struggled to gain the important rights for all Indians, and this is where it all began. Once Gandhi’ s mission in South Africa was complete, he returned to India and became involved in the home ruling movement. He was concerned with excessive land tax and discrimination, so he organized protests by peasants, farmers, and urban laborers to help them stand tall and fight for what they deserved (Gold 57). During World War I, Gandhi had an active part in recruiting campaigns by launching his new movement of non-violent resistance to Great Britain (Byers 202). When Parliament passed the Rowlatt Acts in 1919, Satyagraha, which means insistence on truth, spread throughout India, recruiting millions of followers. British soldiers massacred Indians at Amritsar as a demonstration against the Rowlatt Acts. In 1920 the British government failed to make peace, which resulted in Gandhi organizing a campaign of non-cooperation (Andrews 103). There was chaos in India as the public office resigned, courts were boycotted, and children were taken out of schools. Sitting Indians, who ignored police officers when told to move, even if they got beaten, blocked the streets. Gandhi was arrested, but the British soon were forced to free him. India’s economic independence was made of Gandhi’s Swaraj (self governing) movement. Because of this, India boycotted all British goods and British industrialists were left in extreme poverty across India. To save the country, Gandhi brought back cottage industries. He started to symbolize the return of simple village life by using a spinning wheel. â€Å"Gandhi became the international symbol of a free India. He lived a spiritual and ascetic life of prayer, fasting, and meditation,† (Andrews 126). He refused material possessions, and wore the lowest-class clothing and supported himself on only vegetables, fruits, and goat’s milk. Fellow Indians looked at him as a God-like force, often referring to him as Mahatma (which means great-souled). Gandhi’s ahimsa (idea of nonviolence), was essentially the way of life in the Hindu religion. Since India followed Gandhi’s ahimsa with such support, Britain would soon understand that violence is useless in this country and leave. In 1921, Gandhi received complete leadership from the Indian National Congress, the group that started the movement for nationhood. But, the Indian population could not understand why the whole world wasn’t practicing and showing the ahimsa (Kamat’s Potpurri). Because of this, many armed revolts broke out against the British. Gandhi eventually admitted that his campaign was a failure, and quickly tried to end it. Gandhi was then seized and imprisoned by the British government in 1922. He was released in 1924, and distanced himself from being involved in any politics and instead focused on getting the Indian community closer (Gold 149). Unavoidably, he was brought back into the political forces. In 1930, a new campaign of civil disobedience was called to the Indian population saying they should refuse to pay taxes, especially on salt (Moreorless). The campaign was the famous march to the sea, where thousands of Indians followed Gandhi from Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea, and made salt by evaporating sea-water. Gandhi was again arrested, but released in 1931 as he stopped the campaign. In 1932, Gandhi started new civil-disobedience campaigns against the British. Since he was arrested twice, the Mahatma fasted for long periods many times. These fasts were very useful against the British because revolts would have broken out if Gandhi had died. In September 1932, while in jail, Gandhi performed a â€Å"fast unto death† in order to help the Hindu Untouchables. (Byers 202). The British considered the Untouchables as a separate part of the Indian government and tolerated their injustice. Although Gandhi was a member of the upper caste, he strongly believed in removing this unjust caste system. In 1934 Gandhi resigned from politics, being replaced by Jawaharlal Nehru. Gandhi continued teaching ahimsa and traveled across India. He was known for his dedication and political power. Since he was viewed with such great esteem, the British had to wait for Gandhi’s approval to limit the home rule in 1935. In 1939 he returned to politics and designed his first act manipulate the ruler of the state of Rajkot to change his autocratic rule (Moreorless). The colonial government had to intervene because the fast caused commotion across the country. When World War II broke out, the Congress party and Gandhi refused to support Britain in the war unless they were given complete independence. The British refused their proposal. When Japan entered the war, Gandhi still refused to allow India to fight in the war. He was imprisoned in 1942 but was freed after two years due to his bad health (Kamat’s Potpourri). By 1944 the British agreed to allow Indian independence only if the two nationalist groups, the Muslim League and the Congress party, resolved their issues (Andrews 178). Gandhi was strongly against the dividing of India but in the end had to agree, hoping that peace would be accomplished after the demand for Muslim separation was achieved. India and Pakistan split to two separate states when India gained its independence in 1947. Gandhi begged Hindus and Muslims to live together peacefully during the riots. Mahatma fasted until the riots stopped (Moreorless). He also fasted successfully on January 13, 1948, to bring about peace, but twelve days after that fast ended he was assassinated by a Hindu on his way to an evening prayer (Byers 203). Gandhi’s death was a worldwide devastation that left the population in shock. In the United Nations there was a day set aside to mourn for Gandhi and remember his acts of nonviolence for eternity. All countries sent their apologies and reassured that he would never be forgotten. The teachings of nonviolent movements were inspired in other countries, as well as the U. S. A. â€Å"under the civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. and in South Africa under Nelson Mandela,† (Moreorless). Gandhi was the most inspirational leader in the twentieth century because of his unique tactics of protesting and making peace worldwide. The most persuasive ways of accomplishing change in social issues came from his idea of civil disobedience and nonviolence, which advised freedom movements around the globe (Moreorless). This political leader and peacemaker will always be remembered as a successful man who impacted many to be non-violent. This accomplishment is a great achievement because without this concept India may still have been fighting for independence. Gandhi said, â€Å"The† (Moreorless) and that is what Gandhi chose to do. By doing favors for other people he was able to find out who he was, he found out he was the Mahatma because he truly did have a great soul. How to cite Mahatma Gandhi Research Paper, Essays

Cost Accounting Foundations and Evolutions

Question: Measuring relevant costs and revenues while taking decision on replacement of equipment and outsourcing of work is important. Discuss the same. Answer: What is relevant cost and how is it directly proportionate to the revenues is what all organizations focus at while taking crucial financial decisions. Relevant cost basically points at the amount of cash outflow that will take place to generate the adequate amount of revenue. There are various situations where costs are to be incurred so as to be able to derive forecasted revenues. Two decision making situations such as decision on replacement of an equipment and outsourcing decisions requires detailed brainstorming in relation to the relevant costs to be incurred and how much revenues will such a decision generate. Replacing an equipment is a strategic decision which any organization takes as it effects its ongoing process of manufacture and also replacing a fixed asset involves huge costs of purchase, installation and implementation. These costs have to be incurred after due analysis of the amount of revenues it will generate and how would it help to increase the productivity of the concern by reducing the cost of production. The main aim for replacement of any equipment is basically to ensure that the cost of production reduces significantly so that profits increases and the quality of production can also improve. Further the present machine which is to be replaced also is of significant value (Hafeezm, 2012). The cost that would be incurred in maintaining it if is more than the revenues that the firm generates then the same should be replaced and the cost incurred is considered to be relevant in nature. Further such a cost is considered to e relevant as in this competitive world new methodol ogies of production are always given priority and customers are more attracted towards such organizations who are better equipped and always updated with the latest technology. Also equipments after working for its estimated life will not yield much replacement value. Thus such losses are avoided by selling those old equipments well on time so as to be able to get better resale value of the equipments. Thus decision with regards replacement of an equipment requires the organizations to have a thorough analysis of how would such a replacement affect its costs and revenues. How would it help to increase the productivity of the concern and also increase revenues by adding more customers, reducing the cost of production thus increasing profits and market share simultaneously. Better branding is also possible if the production process is modernized and well equipped. (Drury 2008) Another very important decision that affects the cost-revenue model for any concern is the make or buy decision. This is one such area which requires brain racking at a micro level. The costs to be incurred while producing a product indigenously or buying it from other manufacturers is a crucial decision as the revenue generation will vary depending upon the decision taken. Its not possible for any organization to produce all its raw materials internally and so they will have to outsource some part of it (Kinney, Raiborn, 2009). If producing a product would cost virtually the same if produced within the organization then it is always better to outsource the product so that the organization can then focus on producing or generating those products which are design specific and cannot be outsourced. Such type of cost is relevant as it helps to reduce the burden of the organization to a great extent. The top management can then deploy there human capital somewhere else and derive maximu m revenues from the costs they have incurred(Boyd, 2015). Further if a comparative analysis is done for producing or outsourcing of a product which can be outsourced easily, one will notice that then the costs incurred for its production is irrelevant and avoidable. The company can negotiate better with the outsourcing agencies and save on time as well as human capital costs. Further the revenues will be generated faster also as the other company is required to supply goods on time and if not the company is liable to claim compensation also which it would not be able to do in case of in house production. Further if in future the said product is not required it can easily stop the purchase from the market but the same would not be possible in case of in house production (Simplestudies.com, 2015). Thus a decision regarding incurring of the costs with regards procurement of goods should be taken only after a detailed cost analysis is done between buy versus make costs. As these would affect the revenues also. The costs are relevant only if it enables to generate adequate amount of revenues as desired. Therefore what cost is relevant and how much revenue would it help to generate is a decision to be taken after considering all the pros and cons. Replacement of an equipment should be done taking into consideration the replacement costs, the technological advancements and how would it enable to increase the revenues of the organization. Thus all decisions come with their own pros and cons which should be studied in detail and weighed accordingly before arriving at a decision. References: Boyd, K., 2015, To Outsource or Not to Outsource : a Cost Accounting Decision, Cost accounting for Dummies, viewed on 19th July 2016, https://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/to-outsource-or-not-to-outsource-a-cost-accounting.html Drury, C., 2008, Management and cost accounting, Pat Bond: Italy Simplestudies.com, 2015, Make or Buy Decisions, viewed on 19th July 2016, https://simplestudies.com/make-or-buy-decisions.html Hafeezm, 2012, Managerial Accounting Decision Making : Relevant Costs and Benefits , viewed on 19th July 2016, https://hubpages.com/education/Managerial-Accounting-Decision-Making-Relevant-Costs-Benefits Kinney, M.R., Raiborn, C.A., 2009, Cost Accounting : Foundations and Evolutions, Thomson: Sputh Western